Luftwaffe pilot Eduard 'Edu' Neumann

Units: Legion Condor, Stfkpt 8./JG-26 ('39-'40), Kdr I./JG-27 (8/40 Plumetöt), Stab./JG-27

Awards: Spanish Cross, DK-G(5/11/42), EP, EK 1 & 2, Fighter Operational Clasp

Known Aircraft: Bf 109E-3 'Red 1+I' ('39), Bf 109E-4 WNr 1577 at Plumetöt (lost 9/30/40), Bf 109F-2 '<<'(Trop), Bf 109F-4/Trop (Africa), Bf 109G/Trop

Remarks: Crashed at Marquise in Wk# 1577 after combat on 30 September, 1940; he was not injured. Two victories in Spain. One known victory, a Blenheim on 20 June, 1940, no location. Another, a Blenheim 30 km S of Portland on 20 July, 1940. A 3rd, a Spitfire 40 km S of The Needles on 8 August, 1940. A 4th a Hurricane at Dungeness on 11 September, 1940. Nos.5 & 6, both Hurricanes at Gatwick on 17 September, 1940. Channel pilot. 5 victories in the Desert. His unit, I/JG-27 was the first unit to enter the North African Theater in April, 1941. He served in the Battle of France, and later in the Battle of Britain. Bowers/Lednicer, 13 victories. Deceased 9 August, 2004.

Luftwaffe pilot Asisbiz database of aerial victories for Eduard Neumann

Date	Pilot Name	Unit	Enemy A/C Type	Height	Time	Location
20-Jun-40	Eduard Neumann	Stab /JG27	Blenheim		19.15
20-Jul-40	Eduard Neumann	Stab /JG27	Blenheim		19.15	30km South of Portland
08-Aug-40	Eduard Neumann	Stab I./JG27	Spitfire		13.55	40km South The Needles
27-Sep-40	Eduard Neumann	Stab I./JG27	Hurricane		10.15	Orpington
11-Sep-40	Eduard Neumann	Stab I./JG27	Hurricane		17.05	Dungeness
17-Sep-40	Eduard Neumann	Stab I./JG27	Hurricane		16.30	Gatwick
17-Sep-40	Eduard Neumann	Stab I./JG27	Hurricane		16.30	Gatwick
27-Sep-41	Eduard Neumann	Stab I./JG27	Hurricane		10.00	West of Bardia
15-Jun-41	Eduard Neumann	Stab I./JG27	Hurricane		17.30	10km W Capuzzo
08-Jul-41	Eduard Neumann	Stab I./JG27	Hurricane		07.55	5km E Halfaya-Pass
23-Nov-41	Eduard Neumann	Stab I./JG27	Hurricane		12.44	Sidi Rezegh
30-Nov-41	Eduard Neumann	Stab I./JG27	Hurricane	3000m	16.00	Bir el Gobi

Luftwaffe pilot 'Every- Gescl1wader has its own personality'
EDUARD NEUMANN, JG27

During the campaign in the West, I was Gescbwaderadjutant to Oberst Max Ibel. He had already fought as a pioneer during the First World War, but at that time our Stab was distinguished by Hptm. Adolf Galland who showed great abilities as a promising fighter pilot. In July 1940, I became Kommandeur of I./JG27 and claimed my first victory, a Spitfire, on 8 August. At the end of the Battle of Britain, I had six Abscbusse and one of my best pilots was Obit. Gerhard Homuth Kapitan of 3. Staffel.

We were assigned to North Africa even before the end of the Balkan campaign. We flew to Sicily and then on to. Africa where we landed at Gazala, between Derna and Tobruk. Part of the first Staffel was already there. When we arrived, our opponents were Hurricanes which had had it easy with the unescorted Stukas. We had significant advantages over the Hurricanes. Homuth Marseille, Schroer, and Stahlschmidt were very good pilots. Marseille in particular was magnificent, looked after by the gods, though he was a little rascal and an impertinent lad. Consequently, when other Gescbwader had to release some pilots to our unit, he was assigned to our unit at Doberitz even though he was a very good pilot and already had several Abscbusse. When he arrived, his hair was too long, and his jacket was shabby. His father was a general in the Army, but at that time Marseille was not yet a Leutnant. It was said that he kept the company of film actresses and he was not considered suitable to be an officer. His Staffelkapitan was Homuth who was serious and intellectual, the opposite of Marseille, and Homuth did not like him. I kept a tight rein on Marseille and he trusted me. Every Gescbwader has its own personality. We had our own intentions and we protected our own. In Africa, Kesselring wanted us to attack the airfields at Alamein with the Stukas, but I told him that this would result only in our annihilation. One had to protest vehemently to achieve the objective and in JG27 there was a dedicated loyalty which is the reason members of the Gescbwader continue to this day to come to the reunions. I became Kommodore of JG27 on 10 June 1942. Homuth took my place as Kommandeur of 1. Gruppe and Marseille took over Homuth's Staffel. From Africa I went to Athens in Greece for the air defence of the Aegean. One Gruppe was at Athens, one on Crete, and another in France. In March 1943 I returned to Berlin and Radel took command of the Gescbwader. When I left, my tally was relatively poor compared to those of the aces which our unit had generated, but I considered that I had carried out my duties the best way I could.

In 1928 Eduard went to Berlin to study mechanical and aviation engineering. It was here that he discovered his enthusiasm for flight and quickly became a member of the 'Akakflieg' Glider club in 1929. In 1932 he passed his flying examinations in powered flight in Cottbus. In 1934 he began training on the Fieseler Fi-5 aircraft, then later the same year he joined the fledgling Luftwaffe, which was still under secret construction. In Schleissheim he received final combat training, Neumann was then deployed to II./JG132 'Richthofen' in July 1935.

After the re-training on the Bf 109D at Barth in August 1937 he was transferred to the Luftwaffe's 'Condor Legion' which was to be sent to aid General Franco's Fascists in the Spanish Civil War along with other notable personalities like Adolf Galland and Werner Mölders. After a year's service Neumann returned to Germany at the rank of Oberleutnant with two victories and the Spanish Cross in Gold with Swords, and was then appointed Gruppenkommandeur with 4/JG26 in Düsseldorf, remaining with the unit until departing for Jagdgeschwader 27 in early 1940, becoming the unit's Adjutant.

The day after scoring his first (World War Two) victory during the opening phase of the Battle of Britain, a RAF 236 Squadron Blenheim off the coast of Cherbourg on the 20th July 1940, he was appointed Gruppenkommandeur of I/JG27 to replace Major Helmut Riegel, shot down and killed by 501 Squadron Hurricanes off the Island of Alderney. After a brief participation In the Invasion of Yugoslavia, in April 1941 the unit moved to Ain-el Gazala, Libya, North Africa on 18 April 1941. He received the German Cross in Gold on 11 May 1942 as Hauptmann and Gruppenkommandeur I./JG27.

On 8th June 1942 he was promoted to Major and Geschwaderkommodore of JG27, which he successfully led until 22 April 1943 when he joined the Staff of General der Jagdflieger. In March 1943 Neumann was promoted to Oberstleutnant (Lieutenant Colonel), and later in 1944 to Oberst (Colonel). Eduard Neumann finished the war as the Commander of Fighter Forces in Northern Italy. Neumann was a believer in leading his squadron from the ground, and given these long periods of administrative command, Neumann's active combat career was somewhat limited, although he became one of the most respected and influential field commanders in the Luftwaffe. As a consequence he only achieved 13 victories during his Luftwaffe career (2 in Spain). In early 1945 Neumann was among those courageous men to protest against Hermann Göring in what came to be known as the 'Fighter Pilots Revolt' or 'Fighter Pilots Mutiny'.

One of Neumann's most successful achievements was the molding of the career of Hans-Joachim Marseille, giving the unorthodox fighter pilot a free reign to practice his tactics. Marseille went on to score 158 victories against the Western Allied Air Forces, a number no other pilot would match. [6]In 1989 Neumann and other members of JG27 erected a Pyramid with the co-operation of the Egyptian Government on the place that Marseille fell to his death.

After the War
After the war Eduard 'Edu' Neumann developed an engineering company. He continued to fly as hobby, after the banning of civilian flight clubs had been lifted. Neumann remained a member of the German Fighter Pilot's Association, until his death from a long illness aged 93.

    Bibliography: +

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• Griehl, Manfred. Das geheime Typenbuch der deutschen Luftwaffe: Geheime Kommandosache 8531/44 gKdos. Friedberg, Germany: Podzun-Pallas Verlag, 2004. ISBN 978-3-7909-0775-9.
• Griehl, Manfred.Flugzeug Profile. No. 5 – Messerschmitt Bf 109G/K.Rheinfelden, Germany: BPV Medien Vertrieb GmbH & Co KG, 1987.
• Hitchcock, Thomas H. Messerschmitt 'O-Nine' Gallery. Chicago: Monogram Aviation Publications, 1973. ISBN 978-0-914144-00-7.
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• Hooton, Edward R. Blitzkrieg in the West, 1939 -1940 (Luftwaffe at War: 2). Hersham, Surrey, UK: Midland Publishing, 2007. ISBN 978-1-85780-272-6.
• Kobel, Franz and Jakob Maria Mathmann. Bf 109. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Publishing, 1997. ISBN 0-88740-919-9.
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• Messerschmitt AG. Messerschmitt Bf 109G; technisch Kompendium, Handbücher, Ersatztelliste, Bewaffnung Bedienungsvorschrift/Fl, Bordfunkanlage, Lehrbildreihe; 1942/1944. [Elektronische Resource] (Reprint) Ludwigsburg, Germany: Luftfahrt-Archiv, 2006. ISBN 3-939847-13-5.
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• Price, Alfred. Spitfire Mk. I/II Aces (Osprey's Aircraft of the Aces). London: Osprey, 1996. ISBN 84-8372-207-0.
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• Radinger, Willy and Wolfgang Otto. Messerschmitt Bf 109 F-K – Development, testing, production. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Publishing Ltd., 1999. ISBN 0-7643-1023-2.
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• Savic, D. and B. Ciglic. Croatian Aces of World War II (Osprey Aircraft of the Aces 49). Oxford, UK: Oxford, 2002. ISBN 1-84176-435-3.
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• Stenman, Kari and Kalevi Keskinen. Finnish Aces of World War 2 (Osprey Aircraft of the Aces 23). London: Osprey Publishing Limited, 1998. ISBN 1-85532-783-X.
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• Weal, John. BF 109D/E Aces 1939–41. Oxford: Osprey, 1996. ISBN 978-1-85532-487-9.
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    Messerschmitt Bf 109 operational history Bibliography: +

• Beale, Nick, Ferdinando D'Amico and Gabriele Valentini. Air War Italy: Axis Air Forces from Liberation of Rome to the Surrender. Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife, 1996. ISBN 1-85310-252-0.
• Bergström, Christer. Barbarossa – The Air Battle: July–December 1941. London: Chevron/Ian Allan, 2007. ISBN 978-1-85780-270-2.
• Bergström, Christer and Martin Pegg. Jagdwaffe:The War in Russia, January–October 1942. Luftwaffe Colours, Volume 3 Section 4. London: Classic Colours Publications, 2003. ISBN 1-903223-23-7.
• Feist, Uwe. The Fighting Me 109. London: Arms and Armour Press, 1993. ISBN 1-85409-209-X.
• Green, William. Messerschmitt Bf 109: The Augsburg Eagle; A Documentary History. London: Macdonald and Jane's Publishing Group Ltd., 1980. ISBN 0-7106-0005-4.
• Hooton, Edward R. Blitzkrieg in the West, 1939 -1940 (Luftwaffe at War: 2). Hersham, Surrey, UK: Midland Publishing, 2007. ISBN 978-1-85780-272-6.
• Jackson, Robert. Aircraft of World War II: Development – Weaponry – Specifications. Enderby, Leicester, UK, Amber Books, 2003. ISBN 1-85605-751-8.
• Mankau, Heinz and Peter Petrick. Messerschmitt Bf 110, Me 210, Me 410. Raumfahrt, Germany: Aviatic Verlag, 2001. ISBN 3-925505-62-8.
• Mason, Francis K. Messerschmitt Bf 109B, C, D, E in Luftwaffe & Foreign service. London, UK: Osprey Publishing Limited, 1973. ISBN 0-85045-152-3.
• Massimello, Giovanni and Giorgio Apostolo. Italian Aces of World War Two. Oxford/New York, Osprey Publishing, 2000. ISBN 978-1-84176-078-0.
• Morgan, Eric B. and Edward Shacklady. Spitfire: The History. Stamford, UK: Key Books Ltd, 2000. ISBN 0-946219-48-6.
• Neulen, Hans Werner. In the skies of Europe – Air Forces allied to the Luftwaffe 1939–1945. Ramsbury, Marlborough, THE CROWOOD PRESS, 2000. ISBN 1-86126-799-1
• Price, Alfred. Spitfire Mark I/II Aces 1939–41 (Aircraft of the Aces 12). London: Osprey Books, 1996, ISBN 1-85532-627-2.
• Punka, György. "A Messzer": Bf 109s in the Royal Hungarian "Honvéd" Air Force. Budapest, Hungary: OMIKK, 1995. ISBN 963-593-208-1.
• Savic, D. and B. Ciglic. Croatian Aces of World War II (Osprey Aircraft of the Aces 49). Oxford, UK: Oxford, 2002. ISBN 1-84176-435-3.
• Stenman, Kari and Kalevi Keskinen. Finnish Aces of World War 2 (Osprey Aircraft of the Aces 23). London: Osprey Publishing Limited, 1998. ISBN 1-85532-783-X.

    Some of the most widely used Book References:

• Jagdwaffe: Battle of Britain: Phase One: July-August 1940 (Luftwaffe Colours: Volume Two, Section 1) Paperback Eric Mombeek (Author), David Wadman (Author), Eddie J Creek (Author)
• Jagdwaffe: Battle of Britain: Phase Two: August-September 1940 (Luftwaffe Colours: Volume Two, Section 2) Paperback Eric Mombeek (Author), David Wadman (Author), Martin Pegg (Author)
• Jagdwaffe: Battle of Britain: Phase Three: September-October 1940 (Luftwaffe Colours: Volume Two, Section 3) Paperback Eric Mombeek (Author), David Wadman (Author), Martin Pegg (Author)
• Jagdwaffe: Battle of Britain: Phase Four: November 1940-June 1941 (Luftwaffe Colours: Volume Two, Section 4) Paperback Eric Mombeek (Author), David Wadman (Author), Martin Pegg (Author)

    Magazines: +

• Airfix Magazines (English) - http://www.airfix.com/
• Avions (French) - http://www.aerostories.org/~aerobiblio/rubrique10.html
• EDUARD - https://www.eduard.com/
• EDUARD - Are in my opinion are what modelers are looking for loads of pictures and diagrams and have become a leading historical information source. *****
• FlyPast (English) - http://www.flypast.com/
• Flugzeug Publikations GmbH (German) - http://vdmedien.com/flugzeug-publikations-gmbh-hersteller_verlag-vdm-heinz-nickel-33.html
• Flugzeug Classic (German) - http://www.flugzeugclassic.de/
• Klassiker (German) - http://shop.flugrevue.de/abo/klassiker-der-luftfahrt
• Luftwaffe IM Focus (German) - https://www.luftfahrtverlag-start.de/
• Embleme der Luftwaffe Band-1 (German) - https://www.luftfahrtverlag-start.de/
• Le Fana de L'Aviation (French) - http://boutique.editions-lariviere.fr/site/abonnement-le-fana-de-l-aviation-626-4-6.html
• Le Fana de L'Aviation (French) - http://www.pdfmagazines.org/tags/Le+Fana+De+L+Aviation/
• Osprey (English) - http://www.ospreypublishing.com/
• model airplane international magazine - https://adhpublishing.com/shop/store/magazine-backissues/model-airplane-international-backissues/
• Revi Magazines (Czech) - http://www.revi.cz/

    Web References: +

• eBay - https://picclick.de/ or https://www.ebay.com
• Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com
• Wikipedia.org - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_109
• Wikipedia.org - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_109_variants#cite_ref-100
• Wikipedia.org - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_109_operational_history
• Flickr.com - https://www.flickr.com/photos/farinihouseoflove/2209839419/in/photostream