Kriegsmarine or German Navy during WWII photo gallery


BoFlGr 196 - Bord Fliegergruppe 196


KMS Battleship Gneisenau

Bordfliegerkommando 1/196 battleship GNEISENAU

Aircraft facilities and on-board accommodation:

Capacity: The ship can plan up to 3 aircraft of type: Ar. 196 on board. 1 aircraft in the hangar, 2 aircraft on the catapult. At the end of 1940 after the renovation, the 3 aircraft on board were accommodated as follows: 2 aircraft with folded wings in the new hangar, one on the catapult inside the hangar. The third aircraft on board was parked on the roof of the hall.

Accommodation: 1 makeshift shelter (9 mx 7 mx 5 m) behind the chimney, accommodation for 1 board aircraft (when dismantled). At the end of 1941, the actual planned aircraft hangar (dimensions: approx. 27 m long x 6 m wide and 7 m high) was installed, making it possible to accommodate 2 aircraft one behind the other in the hangar.

Centrifugal device: 2 compressed air operated DWK catapult of type FL 22 with 14 m acceleration length. Locations: The rear catapult (expansion in March 1940) was built on tower C, but had no tower-independent slewing mechanism. The front catapult was on a 6.85 m high tower, on which it could be swiveled through 360 °. The renovation took place at the end of 1941 together with the new hangar. The catapult was relocated inside the hangar and could be swiveled through 360 °. For this, a three-part hall gate had to be opened on both sides. This created an opening 13 mx 6 m in size on both sides so that the aircraft on the catapult could be launched from the hangar.

Takeover facility: 2 boat cranes on the upper deck, each star and port. 2 aircraft moving cranes: one on the port side of the aft deckhouse (expansion March 1940) and one on the catapult tower (expansion end 1940). A Hein's landing sail on the port side, 4.5 m wide and 11.5 m long, was on a spar that could be swiveled by 90 °, on which it rolled. (Expansion March 1940)

 

  Trial and test of catapult-capable seaplane types.
Code: Aircraft type: WNr: Period: Remarks:
D-UBAM He 114 V1 1970 August 00, 1938 seaplane test center in Travemünde, trial and test of catapult-capable seaplane types.
D-ICDS Fw 62 V1 2062 August 00, 1938 seaplane test center in Travemünde, trial and test of catapult-capable seaplane types.
D-IOGD He 114 V4 2255 08/22/1938 On board at the fleet parade.
?? Ar. 95 ... September 00, 1938 Test and practice drives, partly in the Atlantic.
?? Ar. 95 ... September 00, 1938 Test and practice drives, partly in the Atlantic.
D-IYFS Ar. 196 A0 2586 00.00.1939 Aircraft of 10./ Lehrgeschwader 2 (sea); Test and practice drives, partly in the Atlantic.

 

  Airborne Command 1/196 from August 26, 1939 - November 30, 1939
Training and testing in the Baltic Sea, cruiser advance to the southern Norwegian coast (October 7th - 9th, 1939), company "NORD STREIFE" / Northern Patrol (November 21st -November 27th, 39)
Code: Aircraft type: WNr: Period: Departure: Remarks:
T3CH Ar. 196 A1 1960015 10/06/1939 10/08/1939 Taken over in Wilhelmshaven. 30 nm west of Utsire, damaged by specially designed anti-aircraft fire (air pressure).
T3GH Ar. 196 A1 1960018 10/06/1939 11/29/1939 Taken over in Wilhelmshaven. Levy; 60% damaged during battle by SA air pressure and heavy seas, unusable.
T3KH Ar. 196 A1 1960023 10/30/1939 04/11/1939 Takeover from Wilhelmshaven in Kiel. east of Bornholm undercut when inserting, 50% break.
T3HH Ar. 196 A1 1960019 11/10/1939 11/29/1939 Taken over in Wilhelmshaven. Levy; 60% damaged in combat by air pressure of the SA and by heavy seas, unusable.

 



Luftwaffe crews aboard the battleship Gneisenau
Position: Rank/Name: On board: From board: Remarks:
1. Air officer / observer Obltn. (M) Junker August 00, 1939 11/29/1939 For the relay in Wilhelmshaven
2. Pilot officer / observer Obltn. (M) Otto Hunnius 11/12/1939 11/29/1939 For the relay in Wilhelmshaven
Pilot Ltn. Martin Luther August 00, 1939 11/29/1939 For the relay in Wilhelmshaven
Pilot Fw. Wollermann 11/12/1939 11/29/1939 For the relay in Wilhelmshaven
Embarked technical maintenance personnel
I. Board attendant Uffz. Heinrich Hermann August 00, 1939 11/29/1939 For the relay in Wilhelmshaven
Board attendant Uffz. Karl Brendel August 00, 1939 11/29/1939 For the relay in Wilhelmshaven
Ground staff / technology Ob.Gefr.Engel August 00, 1939 11/29/1939 For the relay in Wilhelmshaven
Ground staff / technology Ob.Gefr.Pasch August 00, 1939 11/29/1939 For the relay in Wilhelmshaven
Ground staff / technology Ob.Gefr.Haberstock August 00, 1939 11/29/1939 For the relay in Wilhelmshaven
Ground staff / technology ? injury frozen shoulder August 00, 1939 11/29/1939 For the relay in Wilhelmshaven
11/29/1939 - flight section deregistered from board, ship to the shipyard for repair.

 

  Airborne Command 1/196 from February 13, 1940 to July 28, 1940
Exercises on Schillig-Reede, company 'NORDMARK' (18. - 21.02.40), company 'WESERÜBUNG' (09. - 13.04.40) relocation to the Baltic Sea, fleet exercise, company 'NORD-NORWEGEN' / JUNO (04.06. - 06/22/40)
Code: Aircraft type: WNr: Period: Departure: Remarks:
T3MH Ar. 196 A2 1960054 02/15/1940 04/01/1940 Taken over in Wilhemlshaven Assigned back to their staffel in Wilhelmshaven
T3IH Ar. 196 A2 1960052 04/04/1940 04/13/1940 Taken over in Wilhemlshaven Assigned back to their staffel in Wilhelmshaven
T3HH Ar. 196 A2 1960034 05/31/1940 06.08.1940 10.06.1940 Taken over in Kiel. Badly damaged by shooting by the SA. Unclear in flight, 60% breakage. Suspended in Drontheim, towed and parked on the pier.
T3AH Ar. 196 A2 19600 .. 05/22/1940 06/02/1940 Taken over in Wilhemlshaven Assigned back to their staffel in Wilhelmshaven

 



Luftwaffe crews aboard the battleship Gneisenau
Position: Rank/Name: On board: From board: Remarks:
1. Air officer / observer Obltn. (M) Junker 02/16/1940 04/13/1940 Assigned back to their staffel in Wilhelmshaven
2. Pilot officer / observer Ltn. (M) Ulrich Pietsch 16.02.1940 05.22.1940 April 13, 1940 June 2, 1940 Assigned back to their staffel in Wilhelmshaven. Assigned to SCHARNHORST
1. Air officer / observer Obltn. (M) Werner Albring 06/02/1940 07/28/1940 Assigned back to their staffel in Wilhelmshaven
Pilot Fw. Schmidt 02/16/1940 06/02/1940 13.04.1940 07.28.1940 Boarded in Wilhelmshaven
Pilot Uffz. Galliant 16.02.1940 05.22.1940 April 13, 1940 June 2, 1940 Boarded in Wilhelmshaven.
Embarked technical maintenance personnel
I. Board attendant Uffz. Karl Brendel 02/15/1940 07/28/1940 Assigned back to their staffel in Wilhelmshaven.
Ground staff / technology Hpt.Gefr. Angel 02/15/1940 05/22/1940 Assigned back to their staffel in Wilhelmshaven.
Ground staff / technology Ob.Fr. Andraschek 02/15/1940 March 00, 1940 Assigned back to their staffel in Wilhelmshaven.
Ground staff / technology Ob.Fr. Bichel 02/15/1940 07/28/1940 Assigned back to their staffel in Wilhelmshaven.
Ground staff / technology Ob.Fr. Knack 02/15/1940 March 00, 1940 Assigned back to their staffel in Wilhelmshaven.
Ground staff / technology Ob.Fr. Double 02/15/1940 07/28/1940 Assigned back to their staffel in Wilhelmshaven.
Ground staff / technology Gefr. Böhringer 02/15/1940 07/28/1940 Assigned back to their staffel in Wilhelmshaven.
Ground staff / technology Frozen Jönk 02/15/1940 March 00, 1940 Assigned back to their staffel in Wilhelmshaven.
07/28/1940 - Airplanes and flight personnel for the squadron in Wilhemshaven. Ship to the shipyard.

 

  On-board flying command 1/196 from December 28, 1940 - March 24, 1941
Company 'BERLIN', 1st attempt (28.12.40 - 02.01.41), company 'BERLIN', 2nd attempt (22.01. - 24.03.41)
Code: Aircraft type: WNr: Period: Departure: Remarks:
T3AK Ar. 196 A2 1960 110 28.12.1940 22.01.1940 13.01.1941 05.03.1941 Taken in Kiel. Taken over from steamer GRAUDENZ in Kiel. Transfer to the seaplane test center in Travemünde for the modification of the SBO 56. Handover of the flight unclear aircraft at sea to SCHARNHORST for the purpose of repair.

 



Luftwaffe crews aboard the battleship Gneisenau
Position: Rank/Name: On board: From board: Remarks:
1. Air officer / observer Ltn. (M) Ernst-Günther Mechel December 28, 1940 March 12, 1941 05.03.1941 22.03.1941 Got on SCHARNHORST. Disembark in Brest.
Pilot Fw. Schmidt December 28, 1940 March 12, 1941 05.03.1941 22.03.1941 Got on SCHARNHORST. Disembark in Brest.
Embarked technical maintenance personnel
I. Board attendant Uffz. Buchholz 12/28/1940 March 22, 1941 Disembark in Brest
Ground staff / technology Ob.Fr. Bot man 12/28/1940 March 22, 1941 Disembark in Brest
Ground staff / technology Ob.Fr. Boehringer 12/28/1940 March 22, 1941 Disembark in Brest
Ground staff / technology Ob.Fr. Knack 12/28/1940 March 22, 1941 Disembark in Brest
Ground staff / technology Frozen Walter 12/28/1940 March 22, 1941 Disembark in Brest
March 22, 1941 - In Brest, on-board flight command disembarked due to the ship being in the yard.

 

  Airborne Command 1/196 from January 26, 1942
Field testing with GNEISENAU as a result of reconstruction of the aircraft equipment.
Code: Aircraft type: WNr: Period: Remarks:
T3IH Ar. 196 A3 1960 ... 01/26/1942 Field trials in the port of Brest. Damaged when launched, sat on pier.
T3KH Ar. 196 A3 1960137 01/26/1942 Field trials in the port of Brest. Catapult launch from GNEISENAU
T3MK Ar. 196 A3 1960 ... 01/26/1942 Field trials in the port of Brest.

 



Luftwaffe crews aboard the battleship Gneisenau
Position: Rank/Name: On board: From board: Remarks:
Air officer / observer Ltn. (M) Enno v. Koschitzky ?? 01/26/1942 Crew of aircraft T3+IH
Pilot Fw. Hagendorf ?? 01/26/1942 Crew of aircraft T3+IH
Air officer / observer Ltn. (M) Friedrich-Wilhelm Stoll ?? 01/26/1942 Crew of on-board aircraft T3+KH
Pilot Uffz. Röser ?? 01/26/1942 Crew of on-board aircraft T3+KH
Air officer / observer Ltn. (M) Freudt ?? 01/26/1942 Crew of on-board aircraft T3+MK
Pilot Ofw. Hans Grüner ?? 01/26/1942 Crew of on-board aircraft T3+MK
After that no more on-board flight commands on board. 06/01/1942 - The ship is out of service.

Operation Donnerkeil

German battleship GNEISENAU photo collection

NHHC Admiral Graf Spee photo collection

NHHC photo NH 80977 GNEISENAU (German battleship, 1936): View of port side from astern, 1938. Note seaplanes on catapults: a Heinkel HE 114 on the forward catapult and an Arado AR 95 on the catapult atop #3 turret.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau in drydock Brest, France 1941 01-06

Photos 01-06: Between 22 January and 22 March 1941, the battleships Scharnhorst and Gneisenau operated in the Atlantic, sinking several ships and severely threatening British supply lines. Following this operation, the ships berthed at Brest where they immediately became the targets of repeated air attacks and on 1 April 1941, JG26 was transferred to airfields in Brittany in order to provide protection. Nevertheless, the ships suffered damage which kept them non-operational until late 1941. This photographs show Gneisenau in dry dock heavily draped in camouflage netting.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau destruction 01-02

Photos 01-02: The Gneisenau in drydock at Deutsche Werke in Kiel. While under repair the Gneisenau received a direct hit on the foredeck during an air attack on the night of 26 - 27 February 1942. Despite it was standard procedure, her stocks of ammunition were not discharged. This was a fatal error as the hit she received started a chain reaction which devastated the ship and killed 112 crewmembers. This was the end of the career of the Gneisenau.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau destruction 03

Photo 03: Another air photograph of the Deutsche Werke in Kiel. The Gneisenau can be seen badly damaged to the left of the photograph.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau destruction 04

Photo 04: A close view of the heavily damaged Gneisenau in the drydock at the Deutsche Werke in Kiel.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau during operation Berlin 01

Photo 01: The first attempt, starting 28 December 1940, that Scharnhorst and Gneisenau should break out in the Atlantic (Operation 'Berlin') failed when the Gneisenau was damaged in a hurricane-like storm. Both units went into Korsfjord near Bergen, Norway, but were ordered back to Germany. This photograph was taken 30 December 1940 and shows the Gneisenau in Korsfjord. Later the same day both Scharnhorst and Gneisenau departed and arrived in Gotenhafen 2 January 1941.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau during operation Berlin 02

Photo 02: On 22 January 1941 the Scharnhorst and the Gneisenau made a second, this time successful, attempt to break out to the Atlantic. Here the Gneisenau can be seen in the Atlantic photographed from the Scharnhorst.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau during operation Berlin 03

Photo 03: The Gneisenau being refuelled during Operation 'Berlin'. While being refuelled a short careened was unavoidable while the lateral fuel bunkers were filled. This combined with the Atlantic swell gives the illusion of a heavy list.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau during operation Berlin 04

Photo 04: The Gneisenau as seen from a small motor boat during Operation 'Berlin'.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau during operation Berlin 05

Photo 05: The Gneisenau in silhouette in the Atlantic during Operation 'Berlin'.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau during Operation Donnerkeil Feb 1942 01

The Gneisenau during Operation 'Cerberus', the so-called 'Channel Dash'.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau during operation Cerberus 01

Another view of the Gneisenau during Operation 'Cerberus'.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau during operation Cerberus 02

Photo 02: To the far right of this photograph the destroyer Richard Beitzen can be seen. In the wake of the destroyer the Scharnhorst followed by the Gneisenau. The smaller vessels in the photograph helps protecting the large units.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau during operation Juno 01

Photo 01: A photograph taken from the heavy cruiser Admiral Hipper on 7 June 1940 during Operation 'Juno'. The fleet flagship Gneisenau can be seen in the centre of the portrait and her sistership Scharnhorst behind her port beam. At this occasion the commanders from the different fleet units was having a conference aboard the Gneisenau.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau during operation Juno 02

Photo 02: A photograph from June 1940 showing the German fleet units moored in Trondheim roads, Norway. Nearest the camera is the Gneisenau to be seen. On her starboard beam is the Scharnhorst with some destroyers off her stem. To the right the heavy cruiser Admiral Hipper. The small dazzled painted ship in the centre is probably a flak/minesweeping Sperrbrecher. On this portrait three floatplanes can be seen. The white is apparently a Heinkel 59 and the two dark floatplanes Heinkel 115.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau during operation Juno 03-04

Photos 03-04: The extensive damages from the torpedo hit can here be seen from starboard and port. Also the emergency repairs carried out in Norway can be seen at the centre upper part of the photographs.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau during operation Nordmark 01

Photo 01: The Gneisenau shortly after her return to Wilhelmshaven after Operation 'Nordmark'.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau Fleet Parade 01

Photo 01: 22 August 1938 was the day the heavy cruiser Prinz Eugen was launched. At this occasion Adolf Hitler visited the future fleet flagship, the Gneisenau. The Führerstandarte can be seen flying at the mainmast indicating that Hitler is aboard. Besides the launch of the Prinz Eugen, a state visit of the Hungarian regent Admiral Nikolaus von Horthy and a Fleet Parade took place.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau Fleet Parade 02

Photo 02: The Gneisenau moored at Kieler Förde 22 August 1938. The Hungarian flag flies at the top of the mainmast to honour the Hungarian regent on state visit. Far to the left Hitlers state yacht Grille can be seen.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau Fleet Parade 03

Photo 03: The Gneisenau firing a salute to celebrate the launch of the heavy cruiser Prinz Eugen. The Hungarian national flag can easily be seen on this photograph flying from the mainmast.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau Fleet Parade 04

Photo 04: During the Fleet Parade 22 August 1938, the Gneisenaus company can be seen on parade along the starboard rail and superstructure decks.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau Fleet Parade 05

Photo 05: A stern view of the Gneisenau during the Fleet Parade 22 August 1938.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau in color 01

Photo 01: This photograph, probably taken in the spring of 1939, shows Gneisenau to the left and the pocket battleship/heavy cruiser Deutschland to the right.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau in color 02

Photo 02: This photograph is showing the Gneisenau probably during Operation 'Berlin' (January-March 1941).

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau in drydock Brest, France 1941 01-03

Photo 03: Views of the Gneisenau in drydock.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau in drydock Brest, France 1941 04

Photo 04: Shortly after docking an attempt was made to make the Gneisenau hard to spot by using camouflage nets. This photograph shows the camouflaging work.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau in drydock Brest, France 1941 05

Photo 05: The Gneisenau in drydock at Brest. Her foredeck is covered with camouflage netting and 'A' turret barrels are elevated towards their maximum.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau in drydock Brest, France 1941 06

Photo 06: A view of the Scharnhorst (above) and the Gneisenau (below) in the drydocks at Brest.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau Sea trials 01

Photo 01: The Gneisenau passing through Möltenort, outward bound from Kiel in May 1938.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau Sea trials 02

Photo 02: Moored to a buoy in Kiel harbour the Gneisenau could be seen in June 1938.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau Sea trials 03

Photo 03: Here the Gneisenau can be seen during one of her sea trials shortly after being commissioned.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau Sea trials 04

Photo 04: The floating cranes at the Deutsche Werke shipyard, Kiel, is supplying the Gneisenau with last items. The ship in the background (to the right) is Admiral Graf Spee.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau Sea trials 05

Photo 05: The Gneisenau in summer 1938. A Heinkel 114 sits on the forward catapult and an Arado 95 atop the C turret catapult. Both aircraft have wings folded.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau Sea trials 06

Photo 06: Another view of the Gneisenau during one of her sea trials.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau Sea trials 07

Photo 07: The modified Gneisenau is shown during her sea trials. She has now been refitted with the 'Atlantic' stem and the raised diagonally cut funnel cap.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau Sea trials 08

Photo 08: Another view of the modified Gneisenau during her sea trials. The photograph was taken in the spring 1939.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau Sea trials 09

Photo 09: The Gneisenau moored at her usual mooring place at buoy A11 in Kiel. The anchors is still stowed in side hawsepipes.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau Sea trials 10

Photo 10: In summer 1939 the Gneisenau completed sea trials in the North Atlantic from where this photograph originates. At this point the anchors is no longer stowed in hawsepipes, but in deck cluses. Furthermore the number of anchors was reduced from three to two.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau Sea trials 11

Photo 11: The Gneisenau at her mooring in Kiel in 1939 before the outbreak of WWII and still wearing her coat of arms. It is easy to see her new starboard anchor deck cluse.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau Sea trials 12

Photo 12: Another photograph of the Gneisenau in January 1940 at her mooring in Kiel. Notice the missing coat of arms on the bow which was removed at the outbreak of WWII.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau Sea trials 13

Photo 13: Front view of the Gneisenau after she was refitted. She now had a different look. Also notice the substantial thickness of the hull amidships on account of the armour belt.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau Sea trials 14

Photo 14: A view over the fore end of the Gneisenau photographed in January 1940 in Kiel. A number of supply vessels can be seen lying alongside the ship while tugs and ice breakers work at creating a navigable channel. The Scharnhorst can be seen ahead of the Gneisenau.

Kriegsmarine Battleship - Gneisenau Sea trials 15

Photo 15: The Gneisenau lying at finishing buoy A3 in Kiel harbour.

 

 Warnemünde Germany Map

 Mosjoen harbor Norway Map

 

    Citations: +

  1. Horst H. Geerken (9 June 2017). Hitler's Asian Adventure. BoD – Books on Demand. pp. 375–376. ISBN 978-3-7386-3013-8.
  2. Sivertsen 1999: 105, 115–122
  3. Sivertsen 1999: 122
  4. Kotelnikov, V. Stalin's Captives article in Fly Past magazine, February 2017 pp102-4
  5. Frank Joseph, The Axis Air Forces: Flying in Support of the German Luftwaffe, ABC-CLIO, 2011, p. 166
  6. Smithsonian: National Air and Space Museum: Arado Ar 196
  7. HCWinters (12 June 2013). 'USA leihen Arado an das MFG aus'. Cuxhavener Nachrichten.
  8. 'Kriegsflugzeug kehrt nach Deutschland zurück'. Die Welt.
  9. Bardanis, Manolis; Lino, von Garzten. 'Die Geschichte der Arado 196 von Herakleaia' (PDF). naxosdiving.com. Naxos Diving.
  10. Sharpe, Michael. Biplanes, Triplanes, and Seaplanes Airplanes, pg.41. London, England: Fruriedman/Fairfax Books, 2000. ISBN 1-58663-300-7.

    Bibliography: +

  • Dabrowski, Hans-Peter and Koos, Volker. Arado Ar 196, Germany's Multi-Purpose Seaplane. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Publishing, 1993. ISBN 0-88740-481-2.
  • Ledwoch, Janusz. Arado 196 (Militaria 53) (in Polish). Warszawa, Poland: Wydawnictwo Militaria, 1997. ISBN 83-86209-87-9.
  • Sivertsen, Svein Carl (ed.) (1999). Jageren Sleipner i Romsdalsfjord sjøforsvarsdistrikt April 1940 (in Norwegian). Hundvåg: Sjømilitære Samfund ved Norsk Tidsskrift for Sjøvesen.

    Magazine References: +

  • Airfix Magazines (English) - http://www.airfix.com/
  • Avions (French) - http://www.aerostories.org/~aerobiblio/rubrique10.html
  • FlyPast (English) - http://www.flypast.com/
  • Flugzeug Publikations GmbH (German) - http://vdmedien.com/flugzeug-publikations-gmbh-hersteller_verlag-vdm-heinz-nickel-33.html
  • Flugzeug Classic (German) - http://www.flugzeugclassic.de/
  • Klassiker (German) - http://shop.flugrevue.de/abo/klassiker-der-luftfahrt
  • Le Fana de L'Aviation (French) - http://boutique.editions-lariviere.fr/site/abonnement-le-fana-de-l-aviation-626-4-6.html
  • Le Fana de L'Aviation (French) - http://www.pdfmagazines.org/tags/Le+Fana+De+L+Aviation/
  • Osprey (English) - http://www.ospreypublishing.com/
  • Revi Magazines (Czech) - http://www.revi.cz/

    Web References: +

  • Wikipedia.org - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arado_Ar_196
  • Wikipedia.org - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_battleship_Gneisenau
  • Axel Kleckers and Christian Grams site - http://www.luftwaffe-zur-see.de/Seeluft/196%20Bordfliegergruppe/Bkdo_Gneisenau.htm

 

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This webpage was updated 11th November 2020